🔥Conquering the South Pole Answers with location - Đề luyện tập IELTS READING- Làm bài online format computer-based, kèm đáp án, dịch & giải thích từ vựng - cấu trúc ngữ pháp khó

March 5, 2026

IELTS TUTOR cung cấp Đề luyện tập Conquering the South Pole IELTS READING (IELTS Reading Practice Test) - Làm bài online format computer-based, kèm đáp án, dịch & giải thích từ vựng - cấu trúc ngữ pháp khó & GIẢI ĐÁP ÁN VỚI LOCATION

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III. Conquering the South Pole: Đề luyện tập IELTS READING (IELTS Reading Practice Test)

Reading Passage: Conquering the South Pole

Roald Amundsen, the Norwegian explorer celebrated for navigating the Arctic’s Northwest Passage in 1906, turned his sights southward in 1911 to claim the ultimate exploratory prize—the South Pole. Although meticulously planned, his expedition pivoted on chance when he learned of Robert Peary’s disputed claim to the North Pole. To secure fame and funding, Amundsen secretly redirected his goal. Competing against Captain Robert Falcon Scott’s British team in a race to the Pole, he endured extreme cold, frostbite, and setbacks but demonstrated calm leadership and precise planning. On December 14, 1911, Amundsen and his team reached the South Pole, leaving behind letters for King Haakon VII and Scott. His success, founded on dog-pulled sleds, discipline, and scientific precision, contrasted with Scott’s tragic failure. Amundsen’s triumph symbolised a new era in exploration—where mastery of detail, efficiency, and foresight replaced romantic endurance as the mark of true achievement.

Amundsen’s preparations were exhaustive. He meticulously studied the methods of indigenous Arctic peoples and polar veterans, choosing dog sleds over ponies and motor sledges, which Scott relied on. Amundsen’s team consisted of experienced skiers and dog handlers, and his route was carefully mapped using previous expeditions' data. He established a series of supply depots along the route to the Pole, marked by tall black flags to ensure safe return. This logistical foresight proved crucial, as it allowed his team to travel lighter and faster on the final push.

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In contrast, Scott’s expedition, though brave and well-intentioned, was plagued by poor planning and misfortune. Scott’s reliance on motorised sledges, which broke down, and ponies, which could not withstand the extreme cold, slowed his progress. His team man-hauled their sledges for much of the journey, exhausting themselves. Despite reaching the Pole on January 17, 1912, they discovered Amundsen’s tent and Norwegian flag already planted there. Disheartened and weakened, Scott and his four companions perished on the return journey, just 11 miles from a supply depot.

The legacy of the two expeditions highlights a shift in exploration philosophy. Amundsen approached the challenge as a technical problem to be solved with careful preparation and respect for the environment. Scott, in the tradition of British heroic exploration, emphasized perseverance and moral courage but underestimated the Antarctic’s harsh realities. Amundsen’s success was not merely a geographical conquest but a demonstration of modern, systematic exploration. His methods influenced future polar and scientific expeditions, embedding the principle that survival and success depend as much on planning and adaptability as on bravery.

Questions 1–5

Choose TRUE if the statement agrees with the information given in the text, choose FALSE if the statement contradicts the information, or choose NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this. >> 🔥 Nhắn zalo 0905834420 join group zalo Hóng đề thi máy 4 skills để cập nhật đề thi thật 4 kĩ năng hằng ngày [Kèm giải & đề làm online]

Amundsen originally planned to explore the North Pole before changing his destination.
Robert Peary’s claim to the North Pole was universally accepted.
Amundsen’s team used ponies as their primary means of transport.
Scott’s team reached the South Pole after Amundsen’s team.
Amundsen left letters at the Pole for both the King of Norway and Robert Falcon Scott.

Questions 6–9

Complete the summary below.
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.

Amundsen’s success was due to careful 6 ________ and the use of 7 ________ pulled by dogs. He set up 8 ________ along the route to ensure a safe return. In contrast, Scott’s team suffered from poor planning and had to 9 ________ their sledges for much of the journey.

Questions 10–13

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Why did Amundsen change his expedition’s goal to the South Pole?
A. Because he lost funding for the Arctic.
B. To compete with Scott from the beginning.
C. After learning someone else had claimed the North Pole.
D. Due to advice from the King of Norway.
What was a major difference between Amundsen’s and Scott’s transport choices?
A. Amundsen used motor sledges; Scott used dogs.
B. Amundsen relied on skis; Scott used only foot travel.
C. Amundsen used dog sleds; Scott used ponies and motor sledges.
D. Amundsen used helicopters; Scott used traditional methods.
How far was Scott’s team from a supply depot when they died?
A. 11 miles
B. 14 miles
C. 100 miles
D. Not mentioned
What does the writer suggest was the key factor in Amundsen’s success?
A. Luck and good weather
B. Romantic endurance and courage
C. Systematic planning and efficiency
D. Support from the British government