🔥The Clustering of Modern IT Industries Answers with location - Đề thi thật IELTS READING- Làm bài online format computer-based, kèm đáp án, dịch & giải thích từ vựng

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🔥The Clustering of Modern IT Industries Answers with location - Đề thi thật IELTS READING- Làm bài online format computer-based, kèm đáp án, dịch & giải thích từ vựng - cấu trúc ngữ pháp khó

March 16, 2026

IELTS TUTOR cung cấp The Clustering of Modern IT Industries: Đề thi thật IELTS READING (IELTS Reading Recent Actual Test) - Làm bài online format computer-based, , kèm đáp án, dịch & giải thích từ vựng - cấu trúc ngữ pháp khó & GIẢI ĐÁP ÁN VỚI LOCATION

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III. The Clustering of Modern IT Industries: Đề thi thật IELTS READING (IELTS Reading Recent Actual Test)

READING PASSAGE 2

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14–26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.

The Clustering of Modern IT Industries

Over a century ago, economist Alfred Marshall observed that when skilled industries concentrate in one place, “if one man starts a new idea, it is taken up by others and combined with suggestions of their own; and thus it becomes the source of further new ideas”. This insight is often echoed by experts in the modern IT sector. Innovation thrives on proximity – one breakthrough can spark another, as nearby firms and entrepreneurs quickly learn of new ideas and build upon them. In practice, this means IT industries tend to cluster together. The most famous example is Silicon Valley, where a dense network of tech companies, investors, and talent feeds an ongoing cycle of innovation. In such “innovation clusters,” knowledge and skills spill over between firms, and the success of one company can catalyze new ideas and startups next door. By clustering in one region, companies benefit from sharing a specialized labor pool, supporting industries, and a culture that nurtures entrepreneurship.

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Why People Cluster Despite High Costs

Successful tech clusters often face significant downsides – notably, steep housing prices, traffic congestion, and other cost-of-living challenges. Paradoxically, companies and professionals continue to flock to these high-cost hubs. Why? Because the advantages of clustering outweigh the inconveniences. In today’s knowledge-intensive industries, being in the same location facilitates rapid information exchange, collaborative problem-solving, and business deal-making that are hard to replicate from afar. As one report noted, even though the internet makes remote work easier, people and companies are increasingly clustering in a few key cities. They do so to “share information, generate ideas and cut deals,” activities “still better done face to face.” The rich professional networks and serendipitous encounters that occur in tech hubs can boost productivity and opportunities enough to justify the higher rents. In short, proximity fuels innovation, and many firms will pay a premium to be near the action.

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Questions 14–19

Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 2?
In boxes 14–19 on your answer sheet, write

YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer
NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

Alfred Marshall’s observation about skilled industries is considered outdated by modern IT experts.
In an innovation cluster, the success of one company can lead to the creation of new companies nearby.
All technology companies around the world are now trying to establish themselves in Silicon Valley.
The high cost of living in tech hubs is the main reason why some companies choose to leave.
Face-to-face interaction is still important for certain business activities like generating ideas and making deals.
The internet has made it easier for companies to collaborate effectively without being in the same city.

Questions 20–22

Complete the sentences below.
Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 20–22 on your answer sheet.

According to Marshall, a new idea from one person is combined with the ______ of others.
Companies in a cluster benefit from a shared, specialised pool of ______.
The disadvantages of clustering include high housing costs and traffic ______. >> 🔥 IELTS TUTOR gợi ý tham khảo CẦN VIẾT & THU ÂM BAO NHIÊU BÀI ĐỂ ĐẠT 8.0 SPEAKING & 7.0 WRITING?

Questions 23–26

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C, or D.
Write your answers in boxes 23–26 on your answer sheet.

What is the main reason given for the clustering of IT industries?
A. To reduce costs by sharing resources
B. To benefit from the rapid spread and development of ideas
C. To attract investment from large technology firms
D. To avoid competition from companies in other regions
The writer describes the decision of companies to stay in expensive clusters as
A. paradoxical but logical.
B. outdated and inefficient.
C. surprising and unwise.
D. typical but short-sighted.
What does the report mentioned in the second paragraph suggest about remote work?
A. It is less effective than working face-to-face for cutting deals.
B. It has stopped people and companies from clustering in cities.
C. It is the preferred method for sharing information in IT industries.
D. It has significantly reduced the cost of living in tech hubs.
What is the best title for the whole passage?
A. The Future of Silicon Valley
B. High Costs: The Downside of Success
C. The Enduring Power of Proximity in the Tech Industry
D. Alfred Marshall’s Lasting Impact on Modern Economics