IELTS TUTOR cung cấp The Impact of Sports Tourism on Urban Areas Đề luyện tập IELTS READING (IELTS Reading Practice Test) - Làm bài online format computer-based, kèm đáp án, dịch & giải thích từ vựng - cấu trúc ngữ pháp khó & GIẢI ĐÁP ÁN VỚI LOCATION

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READING PASSAGE 1

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1–13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

The Impact of Sports Tourism on Urban Areas

A Sports tourism may be defined as travel for non-commercial reasons, when people go to observe or participate in sporting activities away from their hometowns. It may involve the development of sporting infrastructure and be a form of promotional vehicle for cities. Tourists who travel to actually participate in sporting activities can be divided into two groups. Some of them pursue sport as a form of leisure for their own personal enrichment, and for the development and expression of their skills and knowledge. Others are more competitive in their approach; their aim is 'to experience uncommon rewards from the endeavour' (Stebbins, 1982). However, the number of tourists involved in both these types of participation, although significant for some smaller urban destinations, is relatively small. The majority of sports tourists do not travel to participate, but attend sports events simply for purposes of observation. Overall, sport plays an important role in motivating tourist activity, particularly among domestic travellers.

B The high profile attached to many one-off or regular sporting events has led many governments and municipalities to subsidise the construction and operation of stadiums, arenas, and associated sporting infrastructure. Okner (1974) notes a number of reasons for such involvement. Sport may be seen as contributing to civic prestige. It may lead to the generation of new industry through the relocation of existing businesses from other areas, and the establishment of new ones. It thus generates additional employment as well as higher taxes resulting from sporting events. There may also be additional recreational opportunities for community residents, which could be especially welcome in social terms if they replace other activities which have caused disruption in the past. Interest in sports among the young may also be encouraged, and the presence of a successful sports team may have beneficial effects on the citizens generally.

C The potential attraction of sports tourism for urban areas is illustrated by Rawn's (1990) study of sports fans in Indianapolis, US. She describes the transition of Indianapolis from manufacturing city to international sports venue under the heading of 'smokestacks to stadiums', noting that affluent sports fans are a highly desirable demographic for urban planners. These visitors tend to spend significantly more per day than conventional tourists, particularly on accommodation, dining, and merchandise. Furthermore, sports events often fill hotel rooms during off-peak seasons, smoothing out seasonal fluctuations in tourism revenue. However, Rawn also cautions that the economic benefits are often overestimated, as many studies fail to subtract public subsidies or account for the displacement of regular tourists by sports events. >> 🔥 Form đăng kí giải đề thi thật IELTS 4 kĩ năng kèm bài giải bộ đề 100 đề PART 2 IELTS SPEAKING quý đang thi (update hàng tuần) từ IELTS TUTOR

D Despite the apparent benefits, critics argue that sports tourism can have negative consequences for host cities. One major concern is the so-called 'substitution effect' – when local residents reduce their usual spending on entertainment or dining out because they attend sporting events instead, the net gain to the local economy may be close to zero. Additionally, the construction of large stadiums often requires public funding that could have been spent on schools, hospitals, or public transport. In some cases, cities have incurred massive debts to build facilities that are used only a few times per year. Another criticism is that the jobs created are frequently low-skilled, part-time, or seasonal, offering little long-term economic security for local workers.

E Environmental impacts also deserve attention. The development of sports infrastructure can lead to the loss of green spaces, increased traffic congestion, and higher levels of air and noise pollution during events. Moreover, major tournaments such as the Olympics or the FIFA World Cup have been linked to the displacement of low-income residents from areas designated for redevelopment. In response, some cities have begun adopting 'legacy planning' – designing sports facilities with post-event use in mind, such as converting stadiums into community recreation centres or affordable housing. This approach aims to ensure that the long-term benefits outweigh the short-term disruptions.

F In conclusion, sports tourism offers both opportunities and risks for urban areas. When managed strategically, it can revitalise declining cities, attract outside investment, and enhance civic pride. However, without careful planning and transparent accounting of costs and benefits, it can also lead to financial strain, social inequality, and environmental degradation. The key lies in tailoring sports tourism strategies to the unique characteristics and needs of each city, rather than simply copying models from elsewhere.

Questions 1–5

Reading Passage 1 has six sections, A–F.

Which section contains the following information?

Write the correct letter, A–F, in boxes 1–5 on your answer sheet.

1. A warning that economic benefits from sports tourism may be exaggerated

2. The definition of sports tourism

3. Environmental problems caused by sports infrastructure

4. Reasons why governments financially support sports events and facilities

5. The concept of 'legacy planning' to ensure long-term benefits >> 🔥 Nhắn zalo 0905834420 join group zalo Hóng đề thi máy 4 skills để cập nhật đề thi thật 4 kĩ năng hằng ngày [Kèm giải & đề làm online]

Questions 6–9

Complete the summary below.

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.

Sports tourists who travel to take part in sports can be divided into two types. The first type plays sport for personal satisfaction and skill development, which is called a form of (6) ………………… . The second type is more (7) ………………… in nature, seeking unique rewards from their efforts. However, most sports tourists actually travel simply to watch events, not to join in. Governments often support sports infrastructure because it can create new industries and increase (8) ………………… from events. One study of Indianapolis noted that sports fans spend more per day than ordinary tourists, but the same study warned that (9) ………………… are frequently not taken into account when calculating net gains.

Questions 10–13

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?

Write TRUE, FALSE, or NOT GIVEN.

1. Sports tourism is mainly an international phenomenon, with few domestic travellers.

2. The presence of a successful sports team can have positive effects on local citizens.

3. All studies agree that sports tourism brings clear and measurable economic benefits without any downsides.

4. Some cities have designed sports facilities that can be converted into housing after major events. >> 🔥 IELTS TUTOR gợi ý tham khảo CẦN VIẾT & THU ÂM BAO NHIÊU BÀI ĐỂ ĐẠT 8.0 SPEAKING & 7.0 WRITING?  

1. C
2. A
3. E
4. B
5. E
6. leisure
7. competitive
8. higher taxes
9. public subsidies
10. FALSE
11. TRUE
12. FALSE
13. TRUE
 

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