IELTS TUTOR cung cấp Tulip Mania Đề luyện tập IELTS READING (IELTS Reading Practice Test) - Làm bài online format computer-based, kèm đáp án, dịch & giải thích từ vựng - cấu trúc ngữ pháp khó & GIẢI ĐÁP ÁN VỚI LOCATION

📩 MN AI CHƯA CÓ ĐÁP ÁN FORECAST QUÝ MỚI PART 1-2-3 NHẮN ZL 0905834420 IELTS TUTOR GỬI FREE HẾT NHA

Tulip Mania

A Centuries before anyone ever heard of high-tech stocks such as Qualcomm, CMGI, or Cisco Systems, a tulip in 17th century Holland caused quite the stir. The Semper Augustus was a tulip of extraordinary grandeur, with midnight blue petals topped by a pure white band and highlighted with crimson flares. For the Dutch, there were few things more valuable than the Semper Augustus tulips.

B Around 1624, there were only a dozen specimens of the Semper Augustus. A man from Amsterdam owned all of the specimens. The man was offered 3,000 guilders in Dutch currency for just one bulb of the specimen. At the time, that was an absurd amount. The well-known Dutch painter Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn received only about half of that amount a few years later for his The Night Watch painting. Despite the apparently exorbitant offer for just one of his tulip bulbs, the Dutch man, whose name has been lost in history, declined the offer.

C At that time, people wondered who was wackier, the man who refused to sell a tulip bulb for a fortune or the man who had offered to pay a fortune for just one bulb. This question was explored extensively by British journalist Mike Dash in his book, The Story of the World’s Most Coveted Flower and the Extraordinary Passions It Aroused. In his account of tulip mania, Dash details the history behind the buzzword and, in doing so, he presents a cautionary tale for modern-day investors, who are often inclined to load up on unproven and yet-to-be-profitable stocks, similar to the tulip mania that raged in Holland in the 17th century.

D It should be pointed out that the Dutch were not the first people to go bonkers over tulips. Long before tulip mania hit Holland, Turks were already seized by “tulip mania.” In the Ottoman Empire, tulips were an essential part of royal ceremonies, decorating palaces and kaftans. The tulip was considered a symbol of power and wealth, and its cultivation was carefully controlled by the sultan’s court. The flower’s name itself is said to come from the Turkish word for turban, ‘tülbent’, due to the resemblance in shape. The Ottoman passion for tulips was so intense that during the reign of Sultan Ahmed III (1703–1730), the period became known as the “Tulip Era,” characterized by extravagant festivals dedicated to the flower. This fascination eventually spread to Europe through trade and diplomatic exchanges, setting the stage for the Dutch obsession. >> 🔥 Form đăng kí giải đề thi thật IELTS 4 kĩ năng kèm bài giải bộ đề 100 đề PART 2 IELTS SPEAKING quý đang thi (update hàng tuần) từ IELTS TUTOR

E By the 1630s, tulip mania had gripped the Dutch Republic. Tulip bulbs, especially those of rare and beautifully patterned varieties, became objects of intense speculation. Trading was no longer confined to professional gardeners or the wealthy elite; people from all walks of life—shopkeepers, weavers, farmers—began buying and selling bulbs, often using promissory notes and futures contracts. Special taverns, called ‘colleges’, became trading floors where deals were struck. Prices skyrocketed. A single bulb of the Viceroy variety, for instance, could be exchanged for a bundle of goods including a bed, a suit of clothes, and a thousand pounds of cheese.

F The peak of the mania arrived in the winter of 1636–37. Records show that at an auction in Alkmaar in February 1637, a lot of 99 rare tulip bulbs sold for 90,000 guilders—an astronomical sum, enough to buy one of the grandest canal houses in Amsterdam. This auction is often cited as the zenith of the speculative bubble.

G However, the bubble burst with stunning speed. In February 1637, at a routine bulb auction in Haarlem, a set of bulbs failed to attract any bids at the expected high prices. Panic spread almost overnight. Within days, the market collapsed. Bulbs that had been worth fortunes became nearly worthless. Many who had taken out loans or mortgaged their properties to invest in tulips were ruined. The Dutch authorities were forced to intervene, attempting to convert futures contracts into options contracts to mitigate the fallout, but the economic and social damage was severe.

H The aftermath of tulip mania led to a lasting stigma and a wealth of moralistic tales warning against greed and foolish speculation. The episode entered popular culture as the quintessential example of a speculative bubble. Modern economists debate the true economic impact of the mania, with some arguing it was a minor disruption affecting only a small segment of the population, while others see it as a significant event that exposed the vulnerabilities of early financial markets. Regardless, the term “tulip mania” endures as a powerful metaphor for any situation where asset prices detach wildly from their intrinsic value. >> 🔥 Nhắn zalo 0905834420 join group zalo Hóng đề thi máy 4 skills để cập nhật đề thi thật 4 kĩ năng hằng ngày [Kèm giải & đề làm online]

I Today, the tulip remains a national symbol of the Netherlands and a major export product. The story of tulip mania continues to be studied not just by historians but by economists and behavioral financiers seeking to understand the psychology of market bubbles. It serves as a timeless reminder that when speculation overtakes reason, even something as beautiful as a flower can lead to financial catastrophe.

Questions 1–5

Reading Passage 1 has nine paragraphs A–I. Which paragraph contains the following information? Choose the correct letter A–I, in boxes 1–5.

1. a reference to an individual who warned of the dangers of investing

2. a description of the outstanding appearance of a famous tulip

3. a reference to another society fascinated by tulips

4. a reference to the highest price offered at an auction

5. an incident related to the ending of ‘tulip mania’

Questions 6–10

(In the original file, the statements for Questions 6–10 were not provided. Based on standard IELTS format and the passage content, suggested statements are given below.)

Choose TRUE if the statement agrees with the information given in the text, choose FALSE if the statement contradicts the information, or choose NOT GIVEN if there is no information. >> 🔥 IELTS TUTOR gợi ý tham khảo CẦN VIẾT & THU ÂM BAO NHIÊU BÀI ĐỂ ĐẠT 8.0 SPEAKING & 7.0 WRITING?

1. The man who owned all the Semper Augustus bulbs in 1624 accepted an offer of 3,000 guilders for one.

2. Mike Dash’s book compares the tulip mania to modern investment in high-tech stocks.

3. During the Ottoman ‘Tulip Era,’ the flower was primarily associated with the poor and common people.

4. The trading of tulip bulbs in Holland was conducted only by professional gardeners.

5. The Dutch government successfully prevented any financial loss after the tulip market crashed.

Questions 11–13
Complete the sentences below. Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.

1. The term “tulip mania” is now used as a metaphor for situations where prices lose connection with their ________.

2. In the Ottoman Empire, the tulip was a symbol of ________.

3. Modern experts study tulip mania to understand the ________ of market bubbles.

1. C
2. A
3. D
4. F
5. G

6. FALSE
7. TRUE
8. FALSE
9. FALSE
10. FALSE

11. intrinsic value
12. power and wealth
13. psychology
 

📩 MN AI CHƯA CÓ ĐÁP ÁN FORECAST QUÝ MỚI PART 1-2-3 NHẮN ZL 0905834420 IELTS TUTOR GỬI FREE HẾT NHA

Các khóa học IELTS online 1 kèm 1 - 100% cam kết đạt target 6.0 - 7.0 - 8.0 - Đảm bảo đầu ra - Thi không đạt, học lại FREE

>> IELTS Intensive Writing

>> IELTS Intensive Speaking

>> IELTS Intensive Listening

>> IELTS Intensive Reading

>> IELTS Cấp tốc

>> IELTS General

>> Thành tích học sinh IELTS TUTOR với hàng ngàn feedback được cập nhật hàng ngày