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Reading Passage

Urban Regeneration: an award-winning redevelopment project in Berlin

A Just over a kilometre south of Berlin’s Potsdamer Platz, near the left bank of the Landwehr Canal, an extensive, triangular-shaped area of waste ground once separated the neighbourhoods of Kreuzberg to the east and Schöneberg to the west. Known as Gleisdreieck, meaning ‘triangle of rails’, it was formed by the intersection of different railway lines built in the mid-nineteenth century that entered Berlin from the south. Tracks, sheds and warehouses belonging to three old railway stations – Dresdner Bahnhof (1875–1882), Potsdamer Bahnhof (1838–1944) and Anhalter Bahnhof (1839–1952) – are situated on a raised area some twenty hectares in size, at a height of four metres above the surrounding ground level.

B As the railway infrastructure gradually ceased to be used, the whole area of Gleisdreieck became increasingly run down and abandoned, to the point of being used as a rubbish tip after 1945. Meanwhile, vegetation took over, turning it into a surprising, natural haven in the middle of built-up areas. The closeness of the wall which divided the city of Berlin between 1961 and 1990 also contributed to the fact that Gleisdreieck was for decades clearly identified as no-man’s-land. Only a station of the same name in Berlin’s underground railway system testified to its existence. Shortly before the fall of the Berlin Wall, however, the German Museum of Technology was established there, attracting large numbers of visitors and giving visibility to the site. More importantly, the unification of the formerly divided city gave the location more centrality, at which point it became imperative to identify a purpose for it.>> 🔥 Form đăng kí giải đề thi thật IELTS 4 kĩ năng kèm bài giải bộ đề 100 đề PART 2 IELTS SPEAKING quý đang thi (update hàng tuần) từ IELTS TUTOR

C After 2006, the State of Berlin put forward the proposal of converting Gleisdreieck into a large urban park that would integrate the different urban zones which converged there. The decades-long isolation of the site, which had formerly presented a problem, now represented an opportunity for joining the southern area of Potsdamer Platz with Kreuzberg and Schöneberg. The creation of the park would trigger one of the biggest urban expansions inside Berlin, all within a framework of multiple uses, and social characteristics. It was necessary to stimulate the development of sixteen new hectares of local amenities that would be capable of integrating different generations and social groups in a sustainable way, and in harmony with nature. Following intense discussion with local proprietors and residents, the need to reconcile these goals with the conservation of railway heritage also emerged.

D Once the area had been subjected to a process of undergrowth clearance and decontamination, it was then organized around a combination of existing and added elements. The project as a whole was planned around a large central meadow, intersected from east to west by a concrete footpath, and from north to the south by a pair of railway lines. Once a month, a train slowly travels along these lines from its parking shed to the German Museum of Technology. The concrete footpath, which is a continuation of one of the main Kreuzberg boulevards, starts in the east, bridges the four-metre difference in ground level by means of a stairway, and suddenly ends in the west on reaching the underground lines.

E North of the meadow, there is a large concrete slab with rounded edges. Being south-facing, this functions as a big sunny terrace, full of benches complete with footrests. In the south, the meadow overlooks Yorckstrasse, an underpass crossed by more than fifteen former railway bridges. To the east of the meadow there is quite a dense forest of pre-existing maples, oaks and birches, as well as newly planted trees of the same species. In this area, a couple of large metal frames each hold two swings. The edges of the park are finished with a collection of distinctive, functional spaces, for example a nursery, sports fields, concave surfaces for skateboards, stages for dancing, community gardens, or simply areas covered in gravel obtained from the site itself.>> 🔥 Nhắn zalo 0905834420 join group zalo Hóng đề thi máy 4 skills để cập nhật đề thi thật 4 kĩ năng hằng ngày [Kèm giải & đề làm online]

F Although initially the regeneration of Gleisdreieck Park was the subject of disagreement between those who were in favour of safeguarding the railway heritage, and those who wanted to regenerate the adjacent neighbourhoods, it was opened to the public in September 2011. The heart of Berlin now has a new green lung, in which the atmosphere of various small, very different corners fit neatly into a large-scale, wide-ranging and robust general order. This has been possible precisely because the intervention was not limited to conserving industrial remains in order to promote railway history. And as a reminder of the six decades of human absence, during which nature took over, the park has been able to conserve to some extent the spirit of the non-place that preceded it.

Questions

Questions 14-19
The reading passage has six paragraphs, A–F.
Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.
Write the correct number, i–viii, in boxes 14–19 on your answer sheet.

List of Headings
i. Objectives of the regeneration project
ii. Architectural details of the station buildings
iii. Features and facilities of the completed development
iv. The remains of a railway system
v. A positive evaluation of the finished project
vi. A way of controlling development costs
vii. Ways of crossing the site
viii. Reasons why the area had become neglected

1. Paragraph A

2. Paragraph B

3. Paragraph C

4. Paragraph D

5. Paragraph E

6. Paragraph F

Questions 20-21
Choose TWO letters, A–E.
Write your answers in boxes 20 and 21 on your answer sheet.

20-21. Which TWO reasons are given for the choice of Gleisdreieck as a site for a park?
A It was a habitat for some rare wildlife species.
B It contained a particular tourist attraction.
C It lay at the heart of the reunited city.>> 🔥 IELTS TUTOR gợi ý tham khảo CẦN VIẾT & THU ÂM BAO NHIÊU BÀI ĐỂ ĐẠT 8.0 SPEAKING & 7.0 WRITING?
D It was served by a major rail network.
E It contained buildings which could be easily converted.

Questions 22-23
Choose TWO letters, A–E.
Write your answers in boxes 22 and 23 on your answer sheet.

22-23. Which TWO things did the State of Berlin hope to achieve with the Gleisdreieck development?
A to bring people of different ages together.
B to encourage tourism.
C to improve transport links.
D to preserve industrial remains.
E to generate income for the city.

Questions 24-26
Complete the summary below.
Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 24–26 on your answer sheet.

In the middle of the new park is a 24 ________, where there is a path for pedestrians and two railway lines. A slow train uses these lines to make a regular journey between its base and a 25 ________. Benches have been provided on the north side, so that people can relax and enjoy the sunshine, and to the east is an area with mature trees of various kinds, as well as sets of swings. A range of sports and leisure areas are situated around the 26 ________ of the site.

14. iv
15. viii
16. i
17. vii
18. iii
19. v

20. B
21. C

22. A
23. D

24. meadow
25. museum
26. edges

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