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PASSAGE 1

Read the text and answer questions 1-13.

Charles Heaphy and the settlement of New Zealand

How did the work of an English artist influence European migration to New Zealand?

A In the early 19th century, the London-based New Zealand Company was set up to promote the colonisation of the North and South Islands of New Zealand. It hoped to encourage British migrants to settle there and buy land. To do this, it needed to capture the public imagination, and used paintings and drawings of the landscape for this purpose. Eighteen was a young age for someone to become a hired artist and explorer for this kind of major land-trading company, but Charles Heaphy took on this role after 18 months producing technical drawings for a British railway company, and a further two years studying occasionally at the Royal Academy's school of painting. His family had possibly lacked the money to allow him to study full-time. The artist's role in the company was so important that the surveyor-general, having been dissatisfied with the artists on a previous expedition, specifically interviewed applicants for the post with the New Zealand Company. Heaphy was offered, and accepted, a position on 6 May 1839 – three days before the Company's ship, Tory, departed Plymouth for New Zealand with its cargo of settlers.

B From his diaries, we can see that Heaphy was enthusiastic about this role. In addition to employment and position, it offered adventure. However, he said a larger attraction was the chance to try his hand at something new. He felt a sense of urgency to begin work for the young artist, as a large consignment of settlers was due to leave England a few months later, and so he needed to explore the country before they departed as efficiently as he could. His record of his travels through New Zealand is less a diary of personal experience than a detailed and often vivid impression of travelling through various parts of the country. >> 🔥 Form đăng kí giải đề thi thật IELTS 4 kĩ năng kèm bài giải bộ đề 100 đề PART 2 IELTS SPEAKING quý đang thi (update hàng tuần) từ IELTS TUTOR

C As is so often the case, though, his high expectations were dampened on arrival. On first sighting New Zealand's South Island, Heaphy commented that the high mountain ranges seemed to leave no space for farming, and that the country in general looked barren and devoid of inhabitants. His initial impression of the North Island was also not particularly favourable. Queen Charlotte Sound was the first place Heaphy visited. He remained unconvinced for years that the soils in the area were insufficient for a major settlement. From there, he went to Port Nicholson and was clearly impressed. In his journals, he writes of the luxuriant growth of the forest down to the water's edge, and the rich alluvial soil of the river valley. Even so, his enthusiasm was qualified by the lack of level ground for settlement. However, when he got to the Taranaki region of the North Island, he felt that he had discovered an area that was ripe for colonisation. His painting of a peaceful Maori settlement against a backdrop of Mount Taranaki, with settled weather and lush vegetation, is far removed from his earlier gloomy depictions of somewhere in the interior. Heaphy's painting of a scene in Taranaki was reproduced as a hand-coloured lithograph and widely distributed in England. The print shows a landscape of rolling hills and abundant vegetation, inhabited by contented Maori going about their daily life. It is a world away from the foggy, damp, and crowded cities of industrialising England.

Questions 1–5

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?
In boxes 1–5 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

1. The New Zealand Company was established by people already living in New Zealand.

2. Charles Heaphy studied painting full-time at the Royal Academy's school for two years.

3. The surveyor-general personally interviewed people who wanted to be the company artist.

4. Heaphy accepted the job with the New Zealand Company more than a week before the Tory was due to sail.

5. Heaphy's main motivation for taking the job was the promise of adventure. >> 🔥 Nhắn zalo 0905834420 join group zalo Hóng đề thi máy 4 skills để cập nhật đề thi thật 4 kĩ năng hằng ngày [Kèm giải & đề làm online]

Questions 6–13

Complete the notes below.
Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 6–13 on your answer sheet.

Heaphy's observations of places in New Zealand

Upon arrival

• First impression of the South Island: mountains left no room for 6 __________.

• He found the country looked barren and empty of 7 __________.

Queen Charlotte Sound

• Was Heaphy's first destination.

• For years, he doubted the 8 __________ there were good enough for a large settlement. >> 🔥 IELTS TUTOR gợi ý tham khảo CẦN VIẾT & THU ÂM BAO NHIÊU BÀI ĐỂ ĐẠT 8.0 SPEAKING & 7.0 WRITING?

Port Nicholson

• He was very impressed by the dense forest and the rich 9 __________ soil.

• He noted a shortage of flat 10 __________ for building a town.

The Taranaki region

• He felt this area was perfect for 11 __________.

• He painted a peaceful Maori settlement with good weather and thick 12 __________.

• This painting was later turned into a lithograph and sent throughout 13 __________.

• The scene contrasted sharply with the foggy, crowded cities of industrialising England.

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