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READING PASSAGE 1

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1–13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

Dark Chocolate's Health-Giving Benefits

Researchers are investigating whether taking dark chocolate daily can reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke.

A Dark chocolate is gaining a reputation as a heart-healthy food, and research suggests that there might be some substance behind those claims. Ginger Hultin, owner of Champagne Nutrition in Seattle and a spokesperson for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics says, "Cocoa contains antioxidants in addition to magnesium, potassium, zinc, and iron. Plus, studies have shown that there could be some benefit to consuming chocolate or cocoa for the cardiovascular system, including potentially lowering blood pressure."

B Dark chocolate's health benefits come from its cocoa – specifically its cocoa flavanols. Flavanols are a type of polyphenol, and polyphenols are one group of phytochemicals. Many fruits and vegetables contain flavanols, but they are especially rich in tea, wine, and cocoa. During digestion, cocoa is broken down into smaller chemical compounds. Some research suggests that these compounds have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and may help protect against cardiovascular disease, which affects both the heart and brain. For example, research has found that even two weeks of eating dark chocolate or other flavanol-rich cocoa products is better than a placebo for lowering blood pressure in people who already have high blood pressure.

C Not all chocolate is created equal, however. Milk chocolate and white chocolate undergo more processing and contain far less cocoa solids, meaning they have fewer flavanols. Additionally, dairy products added to milk chocolate may interfere with the absorption of antioxidants. To obtain meaningful health benefits, consumers should look for dark chocolate with at least 70% cocoa content. Even then, the exact flavanol content is rarely listed on packaging, as manufacturers have no legal obligation to provide this information. Some specialist brands now produce high-flavanol chocolate, but these products tend to be significantly more expensive than regular dark chocolate. >> 🔥 Form đăng kí giải đề thi thật IELTS 4 kĩ năng kèm bài giải bộ đề 100 đề PART 2 IELTS SPEAKING quý đang thi (update hàng tuần) từ IELTS TUTOR

D The quantity of chocolate needed to produce health benefits has been a matter of debate. Several studies have suggested that consuming 20 to 30 grams of dark chocolate per day – roughly two to three small squares – is associated with the greatest cardiovascular benefits. Consuming more than this amount may add extra calories, sugar, and saturated fat without providing additional protective effects. One large observational study involving over 20,000 participants found that those who ate modest amounts of dark chocolate had a 12% lower risk of developing heart disease compared to non-consumers. However, the same study noted that people who ate chocolate daily also tended to have higher overall calorie intakes and were more likely to be sedentary, suggesting that correlation does not necessarily equal causation.

E Researchers have also investigated dark chocolate's potential effects on cognitive function and mood. A small randomised trial conducted in Italy gave healthy adults either high-flavanol chocolate or low-flavanol chocolate for five days. Those receiving high-flavanol chocolate performed better on visual memory tests and reported feeling less mental fatigue. Similarly, a study from Australia found that regular consumption of dark chocolate was associated with lower odds of clinical depression, though the authors cautioned that people with depression might simply turn to chocolate as a form of self-comfort. Further research with larger sample sizes is needed before firm conclusions can be drawn.

F Despite the promising evidence, experts urge caution against overconsumption. Dark chocolate remains a calorie-dense food, typically containing around 600 calories per 100 grams. Excessive intake can contribute to weight gain, which in turn raises the risk of diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease – the very conditions that moderate consumption may help prevent. Furthermore, some dark chocolate products contain high levels of heavy metals such as lead and cadmium, which accumulate in the body over time and can damage the kidneys and nervous system. Consumer advocacy groups have called for stricter regulation and mandatory testing of heavy metal levels in cocoa products.

G In conclusion, while dark chocolate cannot be considered a medicine, incorporating a small amount into a balanced diet appears to offer genuine health benefits, particularly for cardiovascular health. The key is moderation, attention to cocoa percentage, and awareness of potential contaminants. As Ginger Hultin notes, "Dark chocolate is not a magic bullet, but it can be a pleasant and potentially beneficial part of an overall healthy eating pattern." >> 🔥 Nhắn zalo 0905834420 join group zalo Hóng đề thi máy 4 skills để cập nhật đề thi thật 4 kĩ năng hằng ngày [Kèm giải & đề làm online]

Questions 1–5 

Reading Passage 1 has seven sections, A–G.

Which section contains the following information?

Write the correct letter, A–G, in boxes 1–5 on your answer sheet.

1. The problem of heavy metal contamination in some dark chocolate products

2. A recommendation to choose chocolate with at least 70% cocoa

3. The effect of flavanols on blood pressure within a short period

4. Potential benefits of dark chocolate on memory and tiredness

5. The finding that dark chocolate eaters may have other lifestyle habits affecting their health

Questions 6–9

Complete the sentences below.

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.

1. Dark chocolate contains minerals such as magnesium, potassium, zinc, and ………………… .

2. During digestion, cocoa is broken down into smaller ………………… .

3. Adding dairy products to chocolate may reduce the ………………… of antioxidants by the body.

4. One observational study found that moderate dark chocolate consumption was linked to a 12% lower risk of ………………… . >> 🔥 IELTS TUTOR gợi ý tham khảo CẦN VIẾT & THU ÂM BAO NHIÊU BÀI ĐỂ ĐẠT 8.0 SPEAKING & 7.0 WRITING?

Questions 10–13

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?

Write TRUE, FALSE, or NOT GIVEN.

1. White chocolate contains more flavanols than milk chocolate.

2. Manufacturers are legally required to list flavanol content on chocolate packaging.

3. The Italian study on cognitive function used both high-flavanol and low-flavanol chocolate.

4. Experts recommend eating at least 100 grams of dark chocolate daily for maximum heart protection.

1. F

2. C

3. B

4. E

5. D

6. iron

7. compounds

8. absorption

9. heart disease

10. FALSE

11. FALSE

12. TRUE

13. FALSE
 

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